The aim of this study is investigation of the swelling potential of the Bonab city’s soils and created the empirical relations between physicochemical properties of the clayey soils of Bonab with the swelling potential. The studied area is located about 130 km southwest of Tabriz in northwest of Iran. Geologically Bonab is covered by the Quaternary alluvials and recent soils which mostly is fine-grained contains different amounts of clay minerals where causes several events like swelling. In order to assessment of the swelling potential and characteristics of Bonab soils and establish relationships between these properties, the extensive field study especially on the agricultural fields (Bonab is the agricultural-based city), sampling and laboratory tests (classified in physical, chemical and mechanical) are conducted. For the reducing the investigation’s errors, the 20 different location is selected and sampling is taken as representative. The results of laboratory tests are classified based on United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) classification which indicated the most of Bonab soils are clay, clay loam and silty clay with the sandy clay and salt. Also, according to the swelling potential indirect assessment, these soils are located in medium to high swellability. Manuscript profile

In a situation where manufacturing companies are under intense competition, they are producing a variety of products, and sometimes they do not pay attention to the environmental costs of using different materials. However, the implementation of environmental management practices such as green supply chain management can help to prevent environmental pollution, in addition to maintaining the competitive advantage of companies. This research investigates the role of green human resources management in promoting greenhouse gas supply goals at the compost recycling plant in Isfahan industrial city. In this study, a conceptual model related to green supply chain management and factory business performance was used through three organizational variables: job satisfaction, operational efficiency, and inter professional productivity as intermediaries. Statistical analyzes based on data collected through A total of 92 questionnaires were conducted in the disposable utensil industry. Reliability and validity of the research model and questionnaire were tested and confirmed. In order to test the hypotheses, partial least squares technique has been used in the structural equation model. Some of the previous findings of this study suggest a direct relationship between the implementation of green human resource Management and the business performance of a factory. All research hypotheses were approved in the form of green human resources management and related factors. In general, the findings of this study are consistent with previous studies in other parts of the world. Also, few studies in this area were conducted based on the theory of resource dependency. Manuscript profile

The Q-slope classification system is originally introduced by Barton and Bar (2017) for jointed rock-slope conditions description which is used for engineering judgment to evaluate slope stability. This study is attempted to use the Q-slope empirical classification system for assessment of jointed rock slopes stability in Bonab-Malekan highway project. To this end, 10 jointed slopes are observed in the high-way path which is required to investigate these slope stability conditions. According to the results of the stability analysis and sustainability possess based on Q-slope principle, a main part of the slopes are located in uncertain conditions (5 cases), 4 slopes is classified as stable and 1 slope indicate the failure condition and instability. Manuscript profile

The presented study is attempted to investigate the landslide susceptibility of the Bonab city located in Urmia lake basin in East-Azerbaijan, NW of Iran. As methodology the coupled method contain analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy logic, named FAHP was applied to risk-ability evaluation and prepares sliding potential maps. For this purpose, three main triggering factors identified for the susceptibility assessment which is classified as geomorphology, geology and human activities where each class has several sub-classes. According to the landslide susceptibility assessment and zonation map, the main risk zone is located in east to southeast part on the Bonab city in Malekan-Bonab highway route. Manuscript profile

This study is present the comprehensive work on groundwater quality estimation for Bonab Plain located in East-Azerbaijan, northwest of Iran. In this regard, experimental procedure concluded electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and united states salinity laboratory diagram (USSL) to provide the empirical classification of groundwater quality in the Bonab region. In experimental stage, the 25 sample of the Bonab Plain groundwater was taken and conducted the laboratory tests to preparing USSL requirements then in classification stage, used the USSL diagram to preparing the irrigation waters classes as well as qualities. As results it has been determined that the water samples of Bonab plain is in located on C2S1 and C3S1 classes based on USSL classification which is indicated the low to moderate salinity. Manuscript profile

Swelling potential is one of the most important effect of fine-grained clay soils which causes damage to the soil texture and structures built with/or on it. The ability to absorb water and swelling in clay soils is directly related to the clay types and properties where this increases with increasing clay complexity. Presented article attempted to provide the empirical relation between physicochemical properties of the clayey soils and swelling potential of Malekan city’s soils. For this purpose, a laboratory tests series including physical properties, XRD, chemical ratio, atterberg limits and fine-grained particles and hydrometery analysis was conducted on 25 clayey soils samples. The tests results are classified by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) systems and swelling activity charts to provide the clay minerals activities in Malekan. According to the results, the swelling potential of clays is medium to high and very high which must be considered as high risk for soil inflation. Manuscript profile

Clayey minerals are considered as the most important factor causing soils swelling, especially fine-grained soils. This phenomenon also causes the destruction of soil structure and texture and in the water vicinity makes damage to surrounding structures. Therefore, identifying and improving the condition of such soils can be very useful. For this purpose, standard laboratory methods have been proposed to evaluate the swelling potential of clayey soils. In this study attempted to use these laboratory methods to evaluate the clayey soils’ physicochemical characteristics and swelling potential form Ajabshir, East-azerbaijan province, NW of Iran. In this regard, the field survey, sampling and laboratory tests (such as physical, chemical and mechanical) conducted on 30 specimens were taken in Ajabshir. The soils samples are classified by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) classification to identify the clay minerals classes for Ajabshir’s soil. Also, the indirect swelling potential evaluation was applied for providing the swellability condition of the studied soils. Manuscript profile

The swelling potential is the most important factor on engineering and agricultural design of foundations on fine-grained soils which it can be cause expansion problems for these structures. So, providing the suitable views of swelling condition can help to solid designs. The presented paper, tried to understand the clayey soil’s swelling potential related to Marageh city in East Azerbaijan Province, NW of Iran; by using comprehensive laboratory tests (concluded 25 samples from 10 different sampling location) which included physicochemical properties, USDA class of soil and clay mineralogical aspects. The experiment results was used by regression analysis for formulate the swelling based on laboratory indexes (i.e., water absorption, porosity, density, Gs, SO4-, Cl-, pH, Casagrande limits, UCS, XRD and clay content). According to the analysis results, the studied soil’s (where classified as clay, clay loam and silty clay) swelling status is varied and located in moderate to high potential Manuscript profile

The Covid-19 pandemic was affected the human-environment relations which caused several consequences on ecosystems like environmental pollution changes. In this regard, the presented article is discusses the environmental impacts of coronaviruse spread in all over the world. For this purpose, an overview provided based on published articles about environmental effects of Covid-19. The key concept of the presented works is preparing a suitable reference for investigating the environmental influence of Covid-19 pandemic. Manuscript profile