بهره تحول‌یافتگی، اضطراب و افسردگی در دانش‌آموزان شهری و روستایی

محورهای موضوعی : روان‌ شناسی تحولی

مائده رنجبر ¹ (کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب)
سوسن رحیم‌زاده ² (استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد ‌ٖاسلامی واحد تهران‌ جنوب)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/12/15 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/12/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/07/01

کلید واژه: اضطراب, افسردگی, شهری, بهرۀ تحول‌یافتگی, روستایی,

چکیده مقاله :

هـدف ایـن پژوهـش مقایسـۀ بهـرۀ تحول‌یافتگـی، نشـانه‌های اضطـراب و افسـردگی در دانش‌آمـوزان دورۀ ابتدایـی شـهری و روسـتایی شهرسـتان بابـل بـود. در قالـب یـک طـرح علـی ـ مقایسـه‌ای، 90 دانش‌آمـوز شـهری (47 دختـر و 43 پسـر) و 90 دانش‌آمـوز روسـتایی (47 دختـر و 43 پسـر) از پایـۀ اول تـا ششـم دورۀ ابتدایـی بـه روش داوطلبانـه انتخـاب شـدند و آزمـون آدمـک رنگـی (روآیـه، 1984 نقـل از دادسـتان، 1395) را ترسـیم کردنـد. نتایـج حاصـل از آزمـون تحلیـل واریانـس چندمتغیـری نشـان داد بهـرۀ تحول‌یافتگـی بیـن دو گـروه دانش‌آمـوزان دورۀ ابتدایـی شـهری و روسـتایی تفـاوت نـدارد امـا نشـانه‌های اضطـراب و افسـردگی در دانش‌آمـوزان روسـتایی بیـش از دانش‌آمـوزان شـهری اسـت و محـل سـکونت توانایـی تبییـن 4درصـد از واریانـس اضطـراب و 6 درصـد از واریانـس افسـردگی تفـاوت بیـن دو گـروه را دارد. در پایـان بـر تغییـرات تربیتـی و آموزشـی همـگام بـا تغییـرات اقتصادی-اجتماعـی تأکیـد شـد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this study was to compare intellectual development quotient, symptoms of anxiety and depression in urban and rural elementary school students in Babol. 90 urban students (47 girls and 43 boys) and 90 rural students (47 girls and 43 boys) from the first to the sixth grade of elementary school were selected by available (voluntary) method and draw a person test (Royer, 1984, quoted by the dadsetan, 1395) were drawn. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that intellectual development quotient (F = 0.051 and P <0.05) did not differ between the two groups of urban and rural elementary school students, but the symptoms of anxiety (F = 7.974 and 0.01). P <0) and depression (F = 12.295 and P <0.001) are more in rural students than urban students. And residence status is able to explain 4% of the variance of anxiety and 6% of the variance of depression is the difference between the two groups. In the end, emphasis was placed on educational and training changes along with socio-economic changes.

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