تحول مهار بازدارنده در پسران دبستانی
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی تحولی
الناز غایرین
1
,
حسنا عبداله‌زاده
2
,
سید جواد عمادی چاشمی
3
,
وحید نجاتی
4
1 - کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی بالینی کودک و نوجوان
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
2 - کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی بالینی کودک و نوجوان
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
3 - کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی بالینی
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
4 - دانشیار گروه روان شناسی
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
کلید واژه: تحول, مهار بازدارنده, پسران دبستانی, فرایند شناختی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش تعیین تحول مهار بازدارنده در نمونه‌ای از کودکان ایرانی بود. شرکت‌کنندگان پژوهش 90 پسر از پایة اول تا ششم دبستان بودند، که با نمونه‌برداری دردسترس انتخاب شدند. به منظور بررسی نتایج حاصل از عملکرد این کودکان در دو آزمون فلانکر (اریکسن و اریکسن، 1974) و آزمون برو/ نرو (گوردون و کارامازا، 1982) از تحلیل واریانس یکطرفه و آزمون تعقیبی توکی استفاده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که در سیر تحول با افزایش سن مهار بازدارنده از چند جهت یعنی سرعت پاسخگویی به هنگام حضور محرک‌های همخوان، سرعت مهار محرک‌های ناهمخوان، دقت و سرعت مرحلة اجرا (برو) ارتقا و توسعه می‌یابد، اما در بازة سنی شش تا نه سال با افزایش سن از جهت دقت مهار (نرو) کاهش مشاهده می‌شود. به طور کلی به نظر می‌رسد مهار بازدارنده با افزایش سن از جنبه‌های گوناگون به اشکال متفاوت توسعه و تحول می‌یابد.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of inhibitory control in a sample of Iranian children. In this study participants were ninety boys who studied in elementary school that they were selected by convenience sampling. In this study one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were used to evaluate the results of these children's performance in Flanker task (Eriksen & Eriksen, 1974) and Go/ No go task (first applied by Gordon and Caramazza). The results of this study showed that as age increases, inhibitory control in several directions developed, ie response speed in the presence of congruent stimuli, inhibitory rate of incongruent stimuli, accuracy of execution stage (go) and speed of execution stage (go). But at age six up to nine, in this study the results showed reduction in accuracy of inhibition (no go). It generally seems with age, inhibitory control grows and develops in different ways.
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