تاثیر دوازده هفته تمرینات تناوبی مقاومتی همراه با مصرف مکمل جلبک آلگومد روی سطوح FGF-21 و سلنوپروتئینP در مردان چاق
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوریمحمد مهدی مدنی 1 , حسین عابدنطنزی 2 , ماندانا غلامی 3 , فرشاد غزالیان 4
1 - گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: تمرین مقاومتی, آلگومد, هپاتوکاین, چاقی,
چکیده مقاله :
چاقی از عوامل اصلی مرگ و میر در کشورهای درحال توسعه خصوصا کشور ایران است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر 12 هفته تمرین تناوبی مقاومتی همراه با مکمل آلگومد روی FGF-21 و سلنوپروتئین p در مردان چاق بود. 44 مرد چاق به چهار گروه 11 نفری کنترل، تمرین، مکمل و تمرین مکمل تقسیم خواهند شد. آزمودنیهای گروه تمرین 12 هفته، هفتهای سه جلسه تمرینات تناوبی مقاومتی را انجام خواهند داد. همچنین آزمودنیهای گروه مکمل 1800 میلیگرم جلبک آلگومد ر به صورت 6 قرص (2 قرص یک و نیم ساعت قبل از صبحانه، 2 قرص یک ساعت و نیم قبل از نهار، 2 قرص یک ساعت و نیم قبل از شام) (بر اساس دستور عمل کارخانه) مصرف کردند. گروه دارونما نیز قرصهای نشاسته همرنگ قرص آلگومد مصرف کردند. 48 ساعت قبل از شروع پژوهش و 48 ساعت بعد از آخرین روز تمرین خون گیری به عمل خواهد آمد و در نهایت شاخصهای یاد شده اندازه گیری خواهد با استفاده از کیت و دستگاه الایزا اندازه گیری خواهد شد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که بین گروهها تفاوت معنیدار وجود دارد (05/0p < ). آزمون تعقیبی نشان داد که گروههای مکمل، تمرین و تمرین مکمل باعث کاهش FGF-21 و سلنوپروتئین p نسبت به گروه کنترل شد (05/0p <). نتایج حاضر نشان داد که تمرین تناوبی مقاومتی به تنهایی و همراه با مکملیاری کلرلا باعث کاهش سطوح FGF-21 و سلنوپروتئین p در مردان چاق شد. همچنین مصرف کلرلا به همراه تمرین تناوبی مقاومتی در مقایسه با تمرین تناوبی مقاومتی به تنهایی دارای تاثیر بیشتری روی سطوح متغیرهای مورد بررسی بود.
Obesity is one of the main causes of death in developing countries, especially in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of interval resistance training with Algomed supplement on FGF-21 and Selenoprotein P in obese men. 44 obese men will be divided into four groups of 11 people: control, training, supplement and supplemental training. Subjects in the 12-week training group will perform three sessions of resistance training sessions a week. Also, the subjects of the supplement group of 1800 mg Algomed Algae in the form of 6 tablets (2 tablets one and a half hour before breakfast, 2 tablets one and a half hour before lunch, 2 tablets one and a half hour before dinner) (according to the instructions factory) consumed. Blood was drawn 48 hours before the start of the research and 48 hours after the last day of training, and the mentioned indicators were measured using an ELISA kit and device. The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). Bonferroni's post hoc test showed that training, supplement and supplement training caused decrease in FGF-21 and Selenoprotein P compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The present results showed that interval resistance training alone and with algomed supplementation decreased the levels of FGF-21 and Selenoprotein P in obese men. Also, consumption of algomed along with interval resistance training compared to interval resistance training alone had a greater effect on the levels of the investigated variables.
1. Alcaraz P., Sánchez-Lorente J., Blazevich A. 2008. Physical performance and cardiovascular responses to an acute bout of heavy resistance circuit training versus traditional strength training. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(3):667.
2. Brzycki M. 1993. Strength testing-predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 64(1):88-90.
3. Burk R.F., Hill K.E. 2005. Selenoprotein P: an extracellular protein with unique physical characteristics and a role in selenium homeostasis. Annual Review of Nutrition, 25:215.
4. Choi H.Y., Hwang S.Y., Lee C.H., Hong H.C., Yang S.J., Yoo H.J., 2013. Increased selenoprotein p levels in subjects with visceral obesity and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease. Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 37(1):63-71.
5. Cuevas-Ramos D., Aguilar-Salinas C.A., Gómez-Pérez F.J. 2012. Metabolic actions of fibroblast growth factor 21. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 24(4):523-529.
6. Ebrahimi-Mameghani M., Aliashrafi S., Khoshbaten M., Allahverdi Mamaghani B. 2013. The Effect of Microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Double- blind randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 23(105) :9-18
7. El-Kafrawy N., Atta A.E.B.M., Abdelsattar S., Zewain S.K.E.D. 2021Serum selenoprotein P in lean and obese Egyptian individuals and its relation to insulin resistance. Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 57(1):61-69.
8. Ennequin G., Sirvent P., Whitham M. 2019. Role of exercise-induced hepatokines in metabolic disorders. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 317(1):E11-E24.
9. Farzanegi P. 2022. Aerobic and Resistance Exercises Modulate Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Level in Menopause Women with Type II Diabetes. West Indian Medical Journal, 69(7):471-477.
10. Fisher F.M., Chui P.C., Antonellis P.J., Bina H.A., Kharitonenkov A., Flier JS, 2010. Obesity is a fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)-resistant state. Diabetes, 59(11):2781-2789.
11. Flisiak-Jackiewicz M., Bobrus-Chociej A., Wasilewska N., Tarasow E., Wojtkowska M., Lebensztejn D.M. 2019. Can hepatokines be regarded as novel non-invasive serum biomarkers of intrahepatic lipid content in obese children? Advances in Medical Sciences, 64(2):280-284.
12. Ghorbanian B., Egtesadi S. 2022. The effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of selenoprotein P and glycemic and body composition indices in women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology, 9(1):12-21.
13. Hariharan S., Dharmaraj S. 2020. Selenium and selenoproteins: It’s role in regulation of inflammation. Inflammopharmacology, 28(3):667-695.
14. Horii N., Hasegawa N., Fujie S., Uchida M., Iemitsu K., Inoue K. 2019. Effect of combination of chlorella intake and aerobic exercise training on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic rats. Nutrition, 63:45-50.
15. Jeong H., Kwon H.J., Kim M.K. 2009. Hypoglycemic effect of Chlorella vulgaris intake in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki and normal Wistar rats. Nutrition Research and Practice, 3(1):23-30.
16. Jung T.W., Choi H.Y., Lee S.Y., Hong H.C., Yang S.J., Yoo H.J., 2013. Salsalate and adiponectin improve palmitate-induced insulin resistance via inhibition of selenoprotein P through the AMPK-FOXO1α pathway. PLoS One, 8(6):e66529.
17. Karaarslan S., Buyukyazi G., Taneli F., Ulman C., Tikiz C., Gumuser G., 2010. Effects of different intensity resistance exercise programs on bone turnover markers, osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa β ligand in post-menopausal women. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 30(1):123-134.
18. Karbalamahdi A., Abedi B., Fatolahi H., Pazoki A. 2019. Effect of Aerobic Training and C. vulgaris Intake on Lipid Profile and Leptin in Obese Women. Hormozgan Medical Journal, 23(2):e91436-e.
19. Khalafi M., Alamdari K.A., Symonds M.E., Nobari H., Carlos-Vivas J. 2021. Impact of acute exercise on immediate and following early post-exercise FGF-21 concentration in adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Hormones, 20(1):23-33.
20. Kharitonenkov A., Shiyanova T.L., Koester A., Ford A.M., Micanovic R, Galbreath E.J. 2005. FGF-21 as a novel metabolic regulator. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 115(6):1627-1635.
21. Lebensztejn D.M., Flisiak-Jackiewicz M., Białokoz-Kalinowska I., Bobrus-Chociej A., Kowalska I. 2016. Hepatokines and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Acta Biochimica Polonica, 63(3):459-467.
22. Lee J.S., Yoon E.S., Jung S.Y., Yim K.T., Kim D.Y. 2021. Effect of high-intensity circuit training on obesity indices, physical fitness, and browning factors in inactive female college students. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 17(3):207.
23. Martínez-Garza Ú., Torres-Oteros D., Yarritu-Gallego A., Marrero P.F., Haro D., Relat J. 2019. Fibroblast growth factor 21 and the adaptive response to nutritional challenges. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(19):4692.
24. Meex R.C., Hoy A.J, Morris A, Brown RD, Lo JC, Burke M, 2015. Fetuin B is a secreted hepatocyte factor linking steatosis to impaired glucose metabolism. Cell Metabolism, 22(6):1078-1089.
25. Meex R.C., Watt M.J. 2017. Hepatokines: linking nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 13(9):509-520.
26. Misu H., Takamura T., Takayama H., Hayashi H., Matsuzawa-Nagata N., Kurita S. 2010. A liver-derived secretory protein, selenoprotein P, causes insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism, 12(5):483-495.
27. Miya N., Uratani A., Chikamoto K., Naito Y., Terao K., Yoshikawa Y. 2020. Effects of exercise on biological trace element concentrations and selenoprotein P expression in rats with fructose-induced glucose intolerance. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 2020:19-96.
28. Mobasseri S., Khodaei K., Zolfaghar Didani M. 2022. A comparison of effectiveness of aerobic and resistance training during ketogenic diet on fibroblast growth factor 21 and selenoprotein P and blood lipid profile in overweight or obese men. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2022:1.
29. Murakami T. 1987. Effect of Chlorella on blood pressure, cerebral stroke lesions, hypertensive vascular changes and life span in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Journal of Japanese Society of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 40:351-359.
30. Murata Y., Konishi M., Itoh N. 2011. FGF21 as an endocrine regulator in lipid metabolism: from molecular evolution to physiology and pathophysiology. Journal of Mutrition and Metabolism, 2011:981315.
31. Ni B., Farrar J.S., Vaitkus J.A., Celi F.S. 2015. Metabolic effects of FGF-21: thermoregulation and beyond. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 6:148.
32. Nishimura T., Nakatake Y., Konishi M., Itoh N. 2000. Identification of a novel FGF, FGF-21, preferentially expressed in the liver. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Gene Structure and Expression, 1492(1):203-206.
33. Noguchi N., Konishi F., Kumamoto S, Maruyama I, Ando Y, Yanagita T. 2013. Beneficial effects of Chlorella on glucose and lipid metabolism in obese rodents on a high-fat diet. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 7(2):e95-e105.
34. Ogawa K., Sanada K., Machida S., Okutsu M., Suzuki K. 2010. Resistance exercise training-induced muscle hypertrophy was associated with reduction of inflammatory markers in elderly women. Mediators of Inflammation, 2010.
35. Oh K.J., Lee D.S., Kim W.K., Han B.S., Lee S.C., Bae K.H. 2017. Metabolic adaptation in obesity and type II diabetes: myokines, adipokines and hepatokines. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(1):8.
36. Paoli A., Moro T., Marcolin G., Neri M., Bianco A., Palma A. 2012. High-Intensity Interval Resistance Training (HIRT) influences resting energy expenditure and respiratory ratio in non-dieting individuals. Journal of Translational Medicine, 10(1):1-8.
37. Perez-Lopez A., Gonzalo-Encabo P., Pérez-Köhler B., Garcia-Honduvilla N., Valades D. 2022. Circulating myokines IL-6, IL-15 and FGF21 response to training is altered by exercise type but not by menopause in women with obesity. European Journal of Sport Science, 22(9):1426-1435.
38. Pescatello L.S., Franklin B.A., Fagard R., Farquhar W.B., Kelley G.A., Ray C.A. 2004. American college of sports medicine position stand. exercise and hypertension. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36(3):20.
39. Pichon C., Hunter G., Morris M., Bond R., Metz J. 1996. Blood pressure and heart rate response and metabolic cost of circuit versus traditional weight training. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 10(3):153.
40. Pollock M.L., Franklin B.A., Balady G.J., Chaitman B.L., Fleg J.L., Fletcher B., 2000. Resistance exercise in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease: benefits, rationale, safety, and prescriptionan advisory from the committee on exercise, rehabilitation, and prevention, council on clinical cardiology, american heart association. Circulation, 101(7):828-833.
41. Saeidi A., Seifi-Ski-Shahr F., Soltani M., Daraei A., Shirvani H., Laher I. 2020. Resistance training, gremlin 1 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor in obese men: a randomised trial. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020:1-9.
42. 11. Saito Y. 2019. Selenoprotein P as an in vivo redox regulator: disorders related to its deficiency and excess. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 2019:19-31.
43. Sanayei M., Izadi A., Hajizadeh-Sharafabad F., Amirsasan R., Kaviani M., Barzegar A. 2021. Chlorella vulgaris in combination with high intensity interval training in overweight and obese women: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, 20(1):781-792.
44. Saremi A., Gheraati M. 2010. The effect of resistance training on serum myostatin level and insulin re Resistance in Obese-Overweight Men. Journal of Sport Biosciences, 2(4):93-108.
45. Segsworth B.M. 2015. Acute sprint interval exercise induces a greater FGF-21 response in comparison to work-matched continuous exercise. MSc Thesis, Western University, Ontario.
46. Shabkhiz F., Khalafi M., Rosenkranz S., Karimi P., Moghadami K. 2021. Resistance training attenuates circulating FGF-21 and myostatin and improves insulin resistance in elderly men with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised controlled clinical trial. European Journal of Sport Science, 21(4):636-645.
47. Shafeie A.A., Tahmasebi W., AZIZI M. 2019. The simultaneous effects of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation and high intensity interval training on IL-6 serum levels reduction and insulin resistance on overweight men. Journal of Neishabour University of Medical Sciences, 7(3):75-88.
48. Taaffe D., Pruitt L., Pyka G., Guido D., Marcus R. 1996. Comparative effects of high‐and low‐intensity resistance training on thigh muscle strength, fiber area, and tissue composition in elderly women. Clinical Physiology, 16(4):381-392.
49. Tsutsumi R., Saito Y. 2020. Selenoprotein P; P for plasma, prognosis, prophylaxis, and more. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 43(3):366-374.
50. Vecina J.F., Oliveira A.G., Araujo T.G., Baggio S.R., Torello C.O., Saad M.J.A. 2014. Chlorella modulates insulin signaling pathway and prevents high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice. Life Sciences, 95(1):45-52.
51. Yang S.J., Hong H.C., Choi H.Y., Yoo H.J., Cho G.J., Hwang T.G. 2011. Effects of a three‐month combined exercise programme on fibroblast growth factor 21 and fetuin‐A levels and arterial stiffness in obese women. Clinical Endocrinology, 75(4):464-469.
52. Yoo H.J., Choi K.M. 2015. Hepatokines as a link between obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 39(1):10-15.