بررسی کمی و کیفی تولید نانو بلور سلولز از پسماندهای نخل خرما (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) به روش هیدروليز
محورهای موضوعی : پسماندعلی خضیری 1 , حسن ذکی دیزجی 2 , محمد رضا فتحی عمادآبادی 3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز. ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران. *(مسول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، بلوار گلستان، اهواز، ایران.
کلید واژه: زائدات نخل, شادگان, سلولز, نانو بلور, مدیریت ضایعات.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: سلولز موجود در ضایعات و زائدات بخش کشاورزی، می‌تواند منبع مناسبی برای تولید مواد باارزش بر پایه سلولز در صنعت باشد. سلولز و نانو کریستال سلولز توسط فرآیندهای مختلف از منابع گیاهی مختلفی استخراج و تولید می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش بررسی شرایط هیدرولیز اسیدی بر ساختار نانو بلورهای سلولزی تولید شده از زائدات هرس نخل خرما می باشد. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق ابتدا سلولز از مواد زائد حاصل از هرس برگ نخل خرما استخراج و سپس توسط روش هیدرولیز اسیدی، سلولز استخراجی به نانوبلور سلولز تبدیل شد. سپس تأثیر دو پارامتر دما (در سه سطح 30، 45 و 60 درجه سلسیوس) و زمان (در سه سطح 45 ، 60 و 120 دقیقه) بر کیفیت و کمیت نانو بلورهای حاصل از برگ درخت خرما گونه استعمران موردمطالعه قرار گرفت. برای تحلیل ویژگی‌های کیفی و کمی نمونه‌ها از روشهای طیف سنجی فروسرخ (FTIR)، آزمون پراش اشعه ایکس(XRD)، میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی(SEM) و دستگاه اندازه‌گیری ذرات(PSA) استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج استخراج سلولز از برگ درخت نخل نشان داد، افزایش دما در مرحله لیگنین زدایی و رنگ بری باعث افزایش خلوص سلولز استخراجی می‌شود. همچنین تیمارهای شدیدتر باعث ایجادنانو بلور‌هایی با ابعاد کوچک‌تر (5 تا 100 نانومتر بوده و عمدتا 30 نانومتر) می‌شود. در این پژوهش زمان 60 دقیقه و دمای 60 درجه سلسیوس به‌عنوان بهترین فاکتورها از میان فاکتورهای مشابه معرفی گردید که در این تیمار 50% ذرات دارای میانگین قطری 37/1 نانومتر می‌باشند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتیجه بررسی نشان داد اگر نانو بلورهای سلولزی استخراجی به صورت شبکه‌ای تبدیل شوند پتانسیل کاربرد در نانو فیلترها و نانو داربستهارا دارا می باشند.
Background and Objective: Cellulose in the wastes and losses of the agricultural branch can be a good source to produce cellulose-based valuable materials in the industry. Cellulose and nanocrystalline cellulose are extracted and produced by various processes from different natural sources. The subject of this study was to investigate the conditions of acid hydrolysis on the structure of cellulose nanocrystals produced from palm waste. Material and Methodology: In this research, cellulose was first extracted from Date palm leaves, and it was then converted to the cellulose nanocrystal by acid hydrolysis of the nanocrystal cellulose. In this research, the effect of 3 temperature parameters (at 30, 45 and 60 ° C) and 3 time (at 45, 60 and 120 minutes on three levels) on the quality and quantity of nanocrystals from palm tree leaves were investigated. Several experiments with infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size measurement (PSA) techniques were used to analyze qualitative and quantitative qualities such as factor groups, morphology, diameter distribution and shape Nanocrystals have been studied. Findings: The results showed that more severe treatments produce smaller Nano-crystals. The results of the Particle Measurement (PSA) showed that most extractive particles have dimensions ranging from 5 to 100 nanometers and are mostly 30 nm. Also, the results (XRD) showed that extractive nanocellulose had a purity of between 70 and 80 percent. In this study, the time of 60 minutes and 60 Celsius temperatures were identified as the best factors among similar factors. In this treatment, 50% of particles have a mean diameter of 1.37 nm. The maximum and minimum diameter of the observed particles was 6.34 and 0.41 nm, respectively. Also, the results of cellulose extraction from palm leaf showed that increasing the temperature in the lignification and coloring step increases the purity of the extracellular cellulose. In addition, the increase in temperature resulted in a decrease in the amount of cellulose produced, possibly due to the increased effect of chemical treatments and cellulose degradation. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that if the extracted cellulose nanocrystals were transformed into a network, they had the potential to be used in nano filters and nano-scaffolds.
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