رابطة خودکارآمدی عمومی، تعلق و عشق و معنا در زندگی با میانجی‌گری ارزش‌های اجتماعی در دانش‌آموزان دختر دورة متوسطه

محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی

امیدعلی باپیری ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.)
مهرداد کلانتری ² (عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
حمیدطاهر نشاط دوست ³ (عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.)
سیدحمیدرضا عریضی سامانی ⁴ (عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/11/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/04/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/03/01

کلید واژه: ارزش‌های اجتماعی, خودکارآمدی عمومی, معنا در زندگی, تعلق و عشق,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف این پژوهش، بررسی رابطة خودکارآمدی عمومی، تعلق و عشق با معنا در زندگی با میانجی‌گری ارزش‌های اجتماعی در نوجوانان دختر از طریق الگوسازی معادلات ساختاری بود. این مطالعه از نوع همبستگی با استفاده از مدل‌یابی علی و جامعة آماری دانش‌آموزان دختر سال سوم دورة دبیرستان به تعداد 4476 نفر بودند. نمونة آماری 200 نفر بود که به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای اندازه‌گیری شامل پرسشنامة خود کارآمدی عمومی (Sherer & Maddux,1982) مقیاس تعلق و عشق، مقیاس ارزش‌های اجتماعی و پرسشنامه معنا در زندگی (Steger et al,2006) بود. داده‌ها با رویکرد مدل‌سازی معادله ساختاری بررسی شد. یافته‌ها بیانگر معناداری رابطة مستقیم متغیرهای خودکارآمدی عمومی، تعلق و عشق و ارزش‌های اجتماعی با متغیر معنا در زندگی بود (05/0>p). همچنین رابطة غیرمستقیم متغیر خودکارآمدی و تعلق و عشق با متغیر معنا در زندگی درصورتی‌که متغیر ارزش‌های اجتماعی میانجی باشد، معنادار است (05/0>p).

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between general self-efficacy, belonging and love with meaning in life by mediating of social values in girls adolescent through structural equations modelling. This is a correlation study using causal modeling. The statistical population of the study was 4476 students in the third year of high school. A sample of 200 people was selected through multistage cluster random sampling.. Measurement tools included a Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Sherer and Maddox, 1982), Belonging and Love Scale, Social Values Scale, and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (Steger et al, 2006). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling approach.. The findings indicated that the direct relationship of the variables of general self-efficacy, belonging, love and social values on the meaning variable in life was significant (P<0.05). Also, the indirect relationship of self-efficacy variable and belonging and love on a meaning in life is significant if the variable of social values is mediator (P<0.05).

منابع و مأخذ:

Ahmadi.S.,Heidari.M.,Bagherian.F & Kashfi.A. (2016).Adolescence and Development of Meaning:Comparing the Sources and Dimensions of Meaning in Life in Adolescent Boys and Girls.Quarterly Clinical Psychology Studies, 6(23).149-177. [Persian]

Brassi,L.,Piko,B.F.,Steger,M.F. (2012). Individual and parental factors related to meaning in life among Hungarian minority adolescents from Romania. International Journal of Psychology, Vol. 48, No. 3, 308–315.

Baumeister, R. F. (1991). Meanings of life. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Baumeister, R. F., & Newman, L. S. (1994). How stories make sense of personal experiences: Motives that shape autobiographical narratives. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 676–690.

Bandura, A. (1994). Regulative function of perceived self-efficacy. In M. Rumsey, C. Walker, & J. Harris (Eds.), Personnel selection and classification (pp. 261–271). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Cohen, K., & Cairns, D. (2012). Is searching for meaning in life associated with reduced subjective wellbeing? Confirmation and possible moderators. Journal of Happiness Studies, 13, 313–331.

Elizabeth,Yu.A.,Edward,C.C & Jachie,K,H.J. (2016).Asian American culturally relevant values aspredictors of meaning in life in Asian and European American college students: Evidence for Cultural Differences? Asian American Journal of Psychology, Feb 18, 2016, No Pagination Specified.

Frankl, V. E. (1959). Man’s search for meaning. Boston: Beacon Press.

Honarparvaran.N. (2006).Eessential of mental healt. Tehran:Boshra Press. [Persian]

Grouden, M. E., & Jose, P. E. (2015). Do sources of meaning differentially predict search for meaning, presence of meaning, and wellbeing? International Journal of Wellbeing, 5 (1), 33-52.

Lambert, N. M., Stillman, T. F., Baumeister, R. F.,Fincham, F. D., Hicks, J. A., & Graham, S. M.
(2010). Family as a salient source of meaning in young adulthood. Journal of Positive Psychology, 5,367–376.

Mascaro, N., & Rosen, D. H. (2006).The role of existential meaning as a buffer against stress. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 46(2), 168–190.

McDonald, M. J., Wong, P. T., & Gingras, D. T. (2012). Meaning-inlife measures and development of a brief version of the Personal Meaning Profile. In P. T. P. Wong (Ed.), The human quest for meaning: Theories, research, and applications (2nd ed., pp. 357–382). New York: Routledge.

Martela,F.,& Steger,M.F. (2016). The three meanings of meaning in life: Distinguishing coherence, purpose, and significance. The Journal of Positive Psychology,vol,11.

Prager, E. (1996). Exploring personal meaning in an age-differentiated Australian sample: Another look at the Sources of Meaning Profile (SOMP).Journal of Aging Studies, 10(2), 117–136.

Park, N., Park, M., & Peterson, C. (2010).When is the search for meaning related to life satisfaction?

 

Applied Psychology:Health and Well-Being, 2(1), 1–13.

Przepiorka, A. (2012). The relationship between attitude toward time and the presence of meaning in life.
International Journal of Applied Psychology, 2, 22–30.

Schulenberg, S. E., & Melton, A. M. (2010). A confirmatory factor-analytic evaluation of the Purpose in Life Test: Preliminary psychometric support for a replicate two-factor model. Journal of Happiness Studies,11, 95–111.

 Schnell,T. (2009). The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe): Relations to
demographics and well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(6), 483–499.

Schlegel, R. J., Hicks, J. A., King, L. A., & Arndt, J. (2011). Feeling like you know who you are: Perceived true self-knowledge and meaning in life. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
37(6), 745---756.

Sherer, M., Maddux, J.E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B. and Rogers, R.W. (1982). The self-efficacy scale: Construction and validation. Psychological Reports, 51, 663-671

Scannell, E. D., Allen, F. C. L., & Burton, J. (2002). Meaning in life and positive and negative well-being.North American. Journal of Psychology, 4(1), 93–112.

Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199-228.

Steger, M. F., Oishi, S., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Meaning in life across the lifespan: Levels and correlates of meaning in life from emerging adulthood to older adulthood. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4, 43–52.

Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80–93.

VanTongeren,D.R.,Green,J.D.,Hook,J.N.,Davis,D.E.,Davis,J.L& Ramos,M. (2015).Forgiveness increases meaning in life. Social Psychological and Personality Science 2015, Vol. 6(1) 47-55

Woodruff, S., & Cashman, J. (1993). Task, domain, and general efficacy: A reexamination of the self-efficacy scales. Psychological Reports, 72, 423-432.

Zhang, H., Sang,Z., Chan, D.K.S., Teng,F., Liu,M., Yu,S., & Tian,Y. (2016).Sources of meaning in life among chinese university students. J Happiness Study, 1473–1492.

Woodruff, S., & Cashman, J. (1993). Task, domain, and general efficacy: A reexamination of the Self-efficacy Scale. Psychological Reports, 72, 423-432.