استفاده از گلیسین، تیوفول و سالیسیلیک اسید در چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L) تحت شرایط کم آبیاری
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعیمحمد خیرخواه 1 , محمد فرازی 2 , علیرضا دادخواه 3 , اصغر خشنود یزدی 4
1 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی شیروان، شیروان، ایران
2 - دانش آموخته ی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، مجتمع آموزش عالی شیروان، شیروان، ایران
3 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی شیروان، شیروان، ایران
4 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی شیروان، شیروان، ایران
کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, چغندرقند, سالیسیلیک اسید, تیوفول, گلیسین,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی تاثیر مواد ضد تنش (گلیسین، تیوفول و اسید سالیسیلیک) بر عملکرد کمّی وکیفی چغندرقند در شرایط تنش خشکی پس از سبز شدن، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد مطالعه شامل تیمار شاهد (بدون مصرف مواد ضد تنش)، اسید سالیسیلیک با سه غلظت (0.1 -0.5 و 1 میلی مولار)، تیوفول در سه غلظت (0.5، 1 و 1.5 لیتر در هزار) و گلیسین با سه غلظت (1، 2 و 3 لیتر در هزار) بودند. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد اثرات مواد ضد تنش بر عیار قند، عملکرد ریشه، عملکرد شکر قابل استحصال و نیتروژن مضره در سطح یک درصد و شکر قابل استحصال و ضریب آلکالیته در سطح پنج درصد معنی دار بودند. بیشترین میزان عیار قند (15.65%)، عملکرد ریشه (82.83 تن در هکتار) و شکر قابل استحصال (11.15%) از تیمار تیوفول 1.5 لیتر در هزار حاصل شد. در حالی که کمترین میزان این صفات از تیمار شاهد (بدون محلول پاشی مواد ضد تنش) به دست آمد و حداکثر نیتروژن مضره در تیمار شاهد با 4.38 و حداکثر ضریب قلیائیت با 3.49 در تیمار گلیسین سه در هزار مشاهده شدند که نشان دهنده اثرات مثبت استفاده مواد ضد تنش در چغندرقند در شرایط تنش خشکی می باشند.
Sugar beet is one of strategic products to supply sugar in water limited areas of Iran. Thus, proper managements to supply enouph water in production of sugar beet is very important. To evaluate the effects of some anti stress substances like salicylic acid, tyuful and glycine to irritigate the effect of early water deficit on suger beet, an experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out at the Research Farm of Fariman Sugar Factory in 2013. Treatments consisted of control (without using anti stress substances), with three concentration of salicylic acid (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM), tyuful with three concentration (0.5, 1 and 1.5 liter per thousand) and glycine with three concentration (1, 2 and 3 liters per thousand). The results showed that the effects of anti-stress materials significantly affected the sugar content, root yield, white sugar yield and harmful nitrogen. Highest sugar content (15.65%), root yield (83.82 t.ha-1) and white sugar percentage (11.15%) were obtained by using tyuful 1.5 lit/1000. While, the lowest levels of these characters were obtained from control (not using anti stress substances). Maximum harmful nitrogen was produced in control treatment (4.38) and highest level of alkalinity with mean of 3.49 was observed by using 3 lit/1000 of glycine. Our results showed that all of the anti stress substances had positive effects on sugar beet under drought stress condition.
Akbari, M. 1997. The effect of irrigation on sugar beet yield. Conference Proceedings of the 9th National Committee of Irrigation and Drainage. Iran. Tehran. Pp: 189-177. (In Persian).
Bayat, A. 1995. Effects of different irrigation regimes on quantitative and qualitative properties of sugar beet. The Research Report of Khorasan Sugar Beet Seed Improvement Department. Pp: 97-92.
Borsanio, V., and M.A. Botella. 2001. Evedence for a role of salicylic acid in the oxidative damage generated by Nacl and osmotic stress in Arabidodsis stress in (Arabidopsis) seedlings. Plant physiology. 126, 1024-1030.
Brown, K.F., A.B. Messem, R.J. Dunham, and P.V. Biscoe. 1987. Effect of drought on growth and water use of sugar beet. Journal of Agricultural Science UK. 109(3): 421-435.
Campbell, L.G., and J.J. Kern. 1983. Relationship among components of yield and quality of sugar beet. Journal of Sugar Beet Research. 22: 135-145.
Clover, G.R.G. 1998. Effects of beet yellows virus and draught on the growth of sugar beet. Ph.D. Thesis., University of Nottinham.
Cook, D.A., and R.K. Scott. 1993. Sugar beet crop principle and practice: Chapman and Hall, London, 675p.
Ebadi khazine ghadim, A., and H. Heidari Sharif Abad. 1999. Effects of water stress on the accumulation of metabolic adaptation in different varieties of alfalfa. Research and Building. 48: 64 to 67. (In Persian)
Edmeades, G.O., S.C. Chafman, J. Bolonas, M. Banziger, and H.R. Lafitte. 1994. Recent evaluation of progress in selection for drought tolerance in tropical maize. Fourth Eastern and Southern African Regional Maize Confernce. Zimbabwe. 28 March-1 April, 1994.
Ferous, P., and M. Arkosiova. 2001. Variability of chlorophyll content under fluctuating environment, Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, Vol, 4 : 123-125, Special Number Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference on the Occasion of the 55th Anniversary of the Slovak Agricultural Universityin nitra.
Firoozabadi, M., M. Abdollahian-Noghabi, F. Rahimzadeh, M. Moghadam, and M. Parsaeyan. 2003. Effects of different levels of continuous water stress on the yield quality of three sugar beet lines. Irnaian Journal of Sugar Beet. 2(19): 133-142. (In Persian).
Gill, P.K., A.D. Sharma, P. Singh, and S.S. Bnullar. 2003. Changes in germination, growth and soluble sugar contents of Sorghum bicolor L. moench seeds under various a biotic stresses. Plant Growth Regul. 40: 154- 162.
Giveriyo, N.D. 1999. The role of law in promoting sustainable agriculture. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. 2: 111–129.
Hassani, A., and H. Heidari Sharif Abad. 2004. Osmotic regulation and biological role of proline under drought stress. The final chapter of the book, Drought Mitigation and Drought Damage, Volume II, pages 160-143.( In Persian)
Hayat, S.A. Ahmad. 2005. Salicylic acid: A plant hormone. Springer. 97-99.
Heidari Sharif Abad, H. 1999. The plant, drought. Ministry of Agriculture. Deputy Education and Research forests and meadows. Pp: 250-1379. (In Persian)
Hesiao, T.C. 2000. Leaf and root growth in relation to water status. Hoticultural Science 35: 1051- 1058.
Horvath, E., G. Szalai, and T. Janda. 2007. Induction of A biotic stress tolerance by salicylic acid signaling. Plant Growth Regular. 26: 290-300.
Karamanos, A., J.B. Drossopoulos, and C.A. Niavis. 2000. Free proline accumulation during development of two beet cultivars with water stress. Journal of Agricultural. Science. 100: 429-439.
Mirzaee, M.R., and S.M.A. Rezvani, 2006. Effect of drought stress on quality properties at different stages. Iranian Journal of Sugar Beet. 23(1): 29-42. (In Persian).
Nonomura, A.M., and A.A. Beson. 1992. The path to carbon in photosynthesis: Improved crop yields with methanol. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.U.S.A. 89: 9794-9798.
Orojnia, S., D. Habibi, D. Fethullah Taleghani, S.A. Safari Dolatabadi, R. Pazky, C. Moaveni, M. Rahmani, and M. Farshidi. 2011. Evaluation of sugar beet yield and yield components of different genotypes under drought stress. Journal of Agriculture and Plant Breeding. 8(1): 144-127. (In Persian).
Ranjbar, M., H. Larry Yazdi, and Sh. Bromandjazi. 2010. The effect of salicylic acid on antioxidant enzymes, photosynthetic pigments of sugar content in rape (Brasica napus) under Pb stress. Journal of Plant Biology. 3(9): 39-52. (In Persian).
Raskin, I. 1992. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology. 43: 463-439.
Sadeghiani, Y., and H. Fazli. 1997. Evaluation of modification of drought resistance sugar beet variety through a sieve lines. The Final Report of Sugar Beet Seed Improvement Institute. (In Persian).
Shaykh al-Islami, R. 1999. Quality and process sugar beet (Translation). Sugar beet from science to practice (D.A. Cook and R.K Scat) Agricultural Science Publication. Pp: 629-587. (In Persian).
Vandez, V.R.T. 2000. Leaf ureide degradation and fixation tolerance to water deficit in soybean. Agricultural. Research. Ser. 35: 201-206.
Vyas, S., S. Kathuj, and K. Garg. 1985. Performance and metabolic alternations insesamum indicum under different intensities of water stress. Ann. Bot. 6: 323-332.
Yoshiba, Y., T. Kiyosue, T. Katagiri, H. Ueda, and T. Mizoguchi. 2009. Correlation between the induction of a gene for pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and the accumulation of proline in Arabidopsis thaliana under osmotic stress. Plant Journal. 7(5): 751-760.
Zbiec, J., S. Karezmarczyk, and C. Podsiadle. 2003. Response of somecultivated plants to methanol as compared to supplementaural irrigation. Electronic Journal of polish Agricultural Universitics. 6(1): 1-71.
