بررسی توزیع ژنهای مولد بیوفیلم در باکتری استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس در شیر خام تعدادی از کارخانههای لبنی شهر تهران در زمستان 1395
محورهای موضوعی :
علوم و صنایع غذایی
بهاره هندیجانی
1
,
امیر شاکریان
2
,
ابراهیم رحیمی
3
,
فرحمند صالح زاده
4
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسیارشد بهداشت و کنترل کیفی مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران؛
مرکز تحقیقات تغذیه و محصولات ارگانیک، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران
2 - استاد گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران؛
مرکز تحقیقات تغذیه و محصولات ارگانیک، واحد شهرکرد،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران
3 - استاد گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران؛
مرکز تحقیقات تغذیه و محصولات ارگانیک، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران
4 - دفتر نظارت بر بهداشت موادغذایی، سازمان دامپزشکی کشور، تهران، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/06/15
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/08/30
تاریخ انتشار : 1398/01/01
کلید واژه:
تهران,
استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس,
شیرخام,
ژنهای مولد بیوفیلم,
چکیده مقاله :
استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس بهعنوان یکی از مهم ترین عوامل بیماری زا می تواند در شیر و فرآورده های آن تکثیر نموده و منجر به بیماری زایی در انسان گردد. عوامل حدت مختلفی در بیماری زایی این باکتری نقش دارد که یکی از مهم ترین آنها قابلیت ایجاد بیوفیلم می باشد.این باکتری توانایی تولید پلی ساکاریدها و فاکتورهای پروتئین چسبیده به سطح را دارد که سبب تولید بیوفیلم می گردد. در این مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی آلودگی شیرخام شهر تهران به باکتری استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس و توزیع ژن های مولد بیوفیلم، تعداد 99 نمونه شیرخام از چهار کارخانه بزرگ شیر در شرایط سترون نمونهبرداری و با روش های متداول میکروبیولوژی کشت داده شدند و در نهایت با استفاده از روش PCR مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. بهمنظور تشخیص تأییدی جدایه ها بهعنوان استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس ژن اختصاصی nucو برای شناسایی ژن های مولد بیوفیلم fnbA،clfB، icaA و icaDاز پرایمرهای اختصاصی مربوط به هر ژن استفاده گردید. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از کشت میکروبی و تأیید آن با روش مولکولی، 4 جدایه(04/4 درصد) بهعنوان استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس شناسایی شدند. ژن های مولد بیوفیلم fnbA، clfB و icaA در هر چهار جدایه (100 درصد) شناسایی گردید و فقط یک جدایه (25 درصد) حامل ژن icaD بود. با توجه به اینکه میزان فراوانی ژن های مولد بیوفیلم در سویه های استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس جداشده از شیرخام شهر تهران قابلتوجه میباشد،لذا رعایت اصول بهداشتی بهمنظور کنترل و پیشگیری از ایجاد بیوفیلم ضروری است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important virulence factors in milk and dairy products that may cause of several disease in human. Several virulence factors are involved in its ability to cause disease that one of the most important of them is the ability of the bacterium to produce biofilm. These bacteria are capable of producing polysaccharides and proteinaceous substances attached to the surfaces that leads to biofilm formation. In this study to assess the presence of S.aureus and distribution of genes encoding biofilm formation in the raw milk from Tehran city, a total of 99 raw milk samples was obtained from 4 big milk plants in the sterile conditions and assessed by conventional microbiological culturing methods and confirmed by PCR assayed. For this, nuc gene was used as the specific target sequence to detect S.aureus to identify the presence of fnbA, clfB, icaA, icaD genes which encode biofilm formation, the specific primers of every gene were exploited. Based on results of microbiological culturing and after confirming them with molecular ways, 4 isolates were detected as s.aureus (4.04%). The genes encoding biofilm formation, fnbA, cltB, & icaD were identified in all 4 isolates (100 %) and only one isolate (25%) contained icaD gene. Because the frequency of biofilm encoding genes separated from raw milk samples of Tehran city is considerable implementing hygienic principles is essential to control and preventing biofilm formation.
منابع و مأخذ:
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· Aarnisalo, K. Lundén, J. Korkeala, H. and Wirtanen, G.)2007 .(Susceptibility of Listeriamonocytogenes strains to disinfectants and chlorinated alkaline cleaners at cold temperatures. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 40(6): 1041-1048.
· Anand, S. Singh, D. Avadhanula, M. and Marka, S.)2014.( Development and control of bacterial biofilms on dairy processing membranes. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety، 13(1):18-33.
· Anonymous.)2011 .(Dairy quality assurance scheme regulations for Belgium. (Lastenboek IKM Productie) 5:11-86.
· Bennett, R. W. Monday, S. R.)2003.( Staphylococcus aureus. In: Miliotis M. D., and Bier, J. W., (Eds.), International Handbook of Foodborne Pathogens. Marcel Dekker, Inc. 41–59.
· Brakstad O.G. Aasbakk, K. and Maeland, J.A.)1992(. Detection of Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the nuc gene. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 30: 1654– 1660.
· Ciftci, A. Findik A. Emek Onuk E. and Savasan S.)2009.( Detection of meticillin resistance and slime factor production of s.aureus in bovin mastitis. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 40: 254-261.
· Dastmalchi, H. Ahmadi, M. Mardani, K. Batavani, R. A.)2009.( Molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated form bovine mastitis based on polymorphism of the coagulase gene in the north west of Iran. Veterinary Microbiology, 137: 202–206.
· Dhanawade N.B. D.R. Kalorey, R. Srinivasan, S.B. Barbuddhe and N.V. Kurkure (2010). Detection of intercellular adhesion genes and biofilm production in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. Veterinary Research Communication, 34: 81–89.
· Eftekhar F. Dadaei، T. (2011). Biofilm formation and detection of icaAB genes in Clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Iran Journal Basic Medical Science،14(2): 132-136.
· Grinholc M. G. Wegrzyn and J. Kurlenda. (2007). Evaluation of biofilm production and prevalence of the icaD gene in methicillin resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infections and carriers. Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 50: 375–379.
· Helena, F. Luciana, B. Antonio, N. Luciano, M. Carlos, A. (2010). Occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk produce in dairy farms in SAO Paulo state, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 41: 376-380
· Kafil, H.S. and Mobarez, A.M. (2015). Assessment of biofilm formation by Enterococci isolates from urinary tract infections with different virulence profiles. Journal of King Saud University – Science, 6: 124-128.
Khoramian, B. Emaneini, M. Bolourchi, M. Eslampour, M.A. Niasari-Naslaji, A. Aligholi, M. et al. (2009). Evaluation of the biofilm-forming ability of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis in Iran. Iranian Journal of Comparative Biopathology, 6(4).
· Miller, PJ. Farland, AM.Knovich, MA. Batt, KM Owen, J.(2014). Successful treatment of intravenously abused oral Opana ER‐induced thrombotic microangiopathy without plasma exchange. American Journal of Hematology, 89: 695-697
· O’Neill, E. Pozzi, C. Houston, P. Smyth, D. Humphreys, H. Robinson, DA.et al. (2007) Association between methicillin susceptibility and biofilm regulation in staphylococcus aureus isolates from device related infections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 45(5):1379-88.
· Otto, M.)2008.( Staphylococcal biofilms. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 322: 207– 228.
· Özkan, A. Cemil, D.(2016). Investigation of the antibiotic resistance and biofilm-forming ability of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical bovine mastitis cases. Journal of Dairy Science, 99:1–7.
· Piotrz, s. Mart, s. Slawomir, m. Aneta, f. Antony, j.(2012): Biofilm production and presence of ica and bap Genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from Cows with Mastitis in the Eastern Poland. Journal of Microbiology, 61 (1): 65-69
· Rafael, ck. Mary, HFK. Maria, A. Luciano, GF. Andrea, d. (2012). Staphylococcus aureus of bovine origin: Genetic diversity، prevalence and the expression of adhesin encoding gene. Veterinary Microbiology, 160: 183-188
· Saleheh Vaezi, A. Tahmourespoor, A. Goli, M. (2015). Identification of some of the biofilm forming bacteria from the pasteurized milk production line. Journal of Food Microbiology, 6: 1-13. [In persian]
· Shojaei, M. Karimi Darehabi, H. Javadi, A. (2014). Distribution of genes encoding biofilm production in S. aureus isolated from raw milk in Kurdistan.Journal of Food Hygiene, 4(14).[In persian]
· Simoes, M. Simoes, L.C. Vierira, M.J.(2010). A review of current emergent biofilm control strategies. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 43: 573-583
· Takeuchi, S. Maeda, T. Hashimoto, N. Imaizum, I.K. Kaidoh, T. Hayakawa, Y. (2001). Variation of the agr locus in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cows with mastitis. Veterinary Microbiology, 79:267–274.
· Vasudevan, P. Nair, M.K. Annamalai, T. Venkitanarayanan, K.S.(2003). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of bovine mastitis isolates of Staphylococcus aureus for biofilm formation. Veterinary Microbiology,92(1-2): 179-185.