واکنش برخی تغییرات کیفی مغز ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف گردو به دوره انبارمانی
محورهای موضوعی : کاهش ضایعات
زهرا داورخواه
1
,
مهدی حسینی فرهی
2
,
محسن رادی
3
,
صدیقه قلی پور
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد یاسوج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یاسوج، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یاسوج
3 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد یاسوج، دانشکده کشاورزی، استادیار گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، یاسوج، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه علوم پایه، واحد یاسوج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یاسوج، ایران
کلید واژه: اسید های چرب غیراشباع, ارزیابی حسی, اکسیداسیون , عدد پراکسید. ,
چکیده مقاله :
درخت گردو کاربرد چند منظوره دارد، به طوريکه در میوه¬کاري به خاطر میوه، در جنگل¬کاري براي استفاده از چوب، در داروسازي به عنوان یک گیاه دارویی و در پارك¬ها به عنوان یک گیاه زینتی کشت می¬گردد. به منظور بررسی برخی خصوصیات کیفی پس از برداشت مغز 14 ژنوتیپ برتر گردو (سی سخت 1و2، دلی رج 1و2، شهنیز 1و2، کوخدان 1و2، ستنگان 1و2، گنجگون 1و2 و وزگ 1و2) در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد آزمایشی طی سالهای 1399 تا 1400 انجام گرفت. خصوصیات کیفی از قبیل پايداري اكسايشي مغز گردو (عدد پراکسید)، درصد رطوبت و درصد کاهش وزن مغز بعد از 6 ماه نگهداری و همچنین ارزیابی حسی بعد از 14 ماه نگهداری در دمای 25 درجه سانتی گراد مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در تحقیق حاضر، عدد پراکسید در مغز گردو با گذشت زمان افزایش یافت. بعد از 6 ماه نگهداری در انبار، کمترین میزان عدد پراکسید در ژنوتیپ های وزگ 1 و گنجگون2 مشاهده گردید. نتایج ارزیابی حسی نشان داد که ژنوتیپ¬های گنجگون 2 و وزگ 1 بیشترین و ژنوتیپ¬های دلی¬رج 1 و دلی¬رج 2 کمترین میزان پذیرش کلی را بعد از 14 ماه نگهداری نشان دادند. در نهایت ژنوتیپ های وزگ 1 و گنجگون 2 به دلیل کیفیت بهتر و ماندگاری پس از برداشت جهت مصرف و همچنین در برنامه های اصلاح نژاد توصیه می گردد.
The walnut has a multipurpose use, so that it is cultivated in pomology for its fruit, in forestry for the use of wood, in pharmaceuticals as a medicinal plant, and in parks as an ornamental plant. In order to investigate some qualitative postharvest characteristics the kernel of 14 superior walnut genotypes (Sisakht 1 and 2, Delirej 1 and 2, Shahniz 1 and 2, Kowkhdan 1 and 2, Setangan 1 and 2, Ganjegun 1 and 2 and Vezeg 1 and 2), an experiment was conducted in Kohgiluyeh and Boyar Ahmad provinces during 2019 to 2020. Qualitative characteristics such as oxidative stability of walnut kernels (peroxide value), percentage of moisture and weight loss of kernels after 6 months of storage and sensory evaluation after 14 months of storage at 25°C were evaluated. The results showed that the peroxides value in walnut kernels increased during storage. After 6 months of storage in the warehouse, the lowest peroxide value was observed in the genotypes of Vezg 1 and Ganjegun 2. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that Ganjegun 2 and Vezg 1 genotypes had the highest and Delirej 1 and 2 genotypes showed the lowest overall acceptance rate after 14 months of storage. Finally, Vezg 1 and Ganjegun 2 genotypes are recommended for consumption and also in breeding programs due to their better quality and durability after harvesting.
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