بررسی اثر محلول‎پاشی اِل-‌‌‌ فنیل‎آلانین و تیمارهای تغذیه‌ای غیرشیمیایی بر خصوصیات رشد و اسانس گیاه دارویی L. Salvia officinalis تحت سطوح مختلف آبیاری

محورهای موضوعی : بیوشیمی

صفورا حسن‌آبادی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران)
محمدرضا اردکانی ² (استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.)
عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی ³ (استاد، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، واحد شهرقدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
فرزاد پاکنژاد ⁴ (استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.)
داود حبیبی ⁵ (دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/11/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/01/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/09/06

کلید واژه: کود دامی, عملکرد اسانس, مریم گلی, اسیدهای آمینه, همزیستی میکوریزایی,

چکیده مقاله :

تنش خشکی یک نگرانی عمده زیست محیطی در سراسر جهان است که رشد محصول را در مقیاس وسیع محدود می‌کند و کاربرد کودهای زیستی و محلول پاشی اسید آمینه برای غلبه بر این موضوع به‌منظور بهبود تولید محصول حائز اهمیت است. بدین منظور پژوهشی دو ساله (97-1395)، به‌صورت کرت های دوبار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مزرعه ای واقع در شهرستان کنگاور استان کرمانشاه بر روی مریم گلی (Salvia officinalis L.) اجرا شد. تیمارهای این آزمایش عبارتند از: آبیاری در دو سطح (۵۰۰ و ۱۰۰) درصد ظرفیت زراعی (F.C.) که در کرت‌های اصلی قرار گرفت. عامل فرعی شامل کود زیستی با سه سطح (شاهد، میکوریزا و کود گاوی) در کرت های فرعی بود و عامل فرعی فرعی شامل محلول پاشی اِل- فنیل‌آلانین در چهار سطح ]بدون محلول پاشی (شاهد منفی)، محلول پاشی با آب مقطر (شاهد مثبت)، محلول پاشی با غلظت های 25 درصد و50 درصد اِل- فنیل آلانین [بود. نتایج این پژوهش بیانگر آن است آبیاری 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی به همراه کاربرد کودهای زیستی (کود گاوی و میکوریزا) و محلول پاشی اِل- فنیل‌آلانین با غلظت50 درصد موجب افزایش صفات مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش شد. بیشترین مقدار و عملکرد اسانس، مربوط به اثرات متقابل تیمارهای آبیاری 100% ظرفیت زراعی+ کود گاوی+ 50 درصد اِل- فنیل آلانین به‌ترتیب با مقادیر (3/5 درصد) و (24/41 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و همچنین برهمکنش تیمارهای آبیاری 100% ظرفیت زراعی+ میکوریزا+ 50 درصد اِل- فنیل آلانین به‌ترتیب با مقادیر (3/6 درصد) و (23/65 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Drought stress is a major environmental concern worldwide that limits crop growth on a large scale, and the use of biofertilizers and amino acid spraying is important to overcome this issue to improve crop production. For this purpose, a two-year study was conducted on Salvia officinalis L. in the form of split-split plots in a randomized complete block design with four replications in a farm located in Kangavar city of Kermanshah province.   The treatments of this experiment were Irrigation at two levels [50 and 100% of field capacity (F.C.)] which was placed in the main plots. The sub-factor included biofertilizer with three levels (control, mycorrhiza and cow manure) in the subplots and the sub-factor included foliar application of L-phenylalanine at four levels [no foliar application (negative control), solution spraying with distilled water (positive control), spraying with concentrations of 25% and 50% L-phenylalanine]. The highest amount and yield of essential oil were related to the interaction effects of irrigation treatments of 100% field capacity + cattle manure + 50% of L-phenylalanine with amounts of 3.5% and 24.41 kg/ha, respectively. In addition, the interaction effects of irrigation treatments were 100% field capacity + mycorrhiza + 50% L-phenylalanine with values 3.6% and 23.65 kg/ha, respectively.

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