This study was mainly aimed at designing a behavior-based safety model in elementary schools with a passive defense approach. Research.This qualitative research was conducted using phenomenological method and content analysis. The data collection method involved semi-structured interviews. Accordingly, out of the potential participants, 27 individuals including professors, experts, managers, and specialists in relevant fields were selected based on the criteria of holding a Ph.D., having a minimum of 2 years of work experience, based on the inclusion criteria of the research, and sampling continued until reaching theoretical saturation. The interviews were analyzed using the seven-step Colaizzi (1978) model and the content analysis method, and the validity of the data obtained was confirmed through information triangulation and researcher validation. After extracting and categorizing the themes, the findings were categorized into three organizing themes: psychophysical (psychological-physical), administrative-educational, and structural safety, and eight main themes: physical safety, psychosocial (psychological-social) and behavioral safety, administrative, awareness-education and content, encouragement and reward, structure-architecture, facilities and equipment, and proximity and accessibility. Since education is the cornerstone of sustainable development and students are the primary targets of education and upbringing, i.e. the mission of education goes beyond education and upbringing towards the social health of students. To this end, education should focus on preparing guidelines for passive defense considerations in school design and establishing a school safety movement with the participation of student mobilization and the community, making the implementation of passive defense considerations mandatory in the construction of new schools, establishing passive defense technical offices in the Ministry of Education, utilizing the capabilities of engineering mobilization for the necessary studies and designs, and creating a sense of participatory among the main pillars of the educational system to create new safe schools and secure existing schools, leading to the psychological safety of families and students.