Synchronization of rumen degradable protein (RDP), non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC), and sulfur availability are needed for optimum microbial protein synthesis (MPS), rumen fermentation activity, and feed digestibility. Cassava and corn are rich in NFC content and have different carbohydrate characteristics. Most of the tropical feedstuff is deficient in sulfur, thus it needs to be supplemented in the ration. This study aimed to compare the effect of corn and cassava as NFC sources and sulfur supplementation on fermentability and digestibility using in vitro study. The experiment used a 2 × 3 factorial randomized block design with four different dairy cattle rumen liquor as replications (block). The first factor was NFC sources (corn and cassava), and the second factor was the level of sulfur supplementation (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%). Parameters observed include fermentability (rumen pH, NH3 concentration, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), molar proportion of VFA, MPS, rumen bacteria, and protozoa population) and in vitro digestibility (dry matter (IVDMD) and organic matter (IVOMD)). Data were tested using ANOVA followed by the Duncan test. The result showed an interaction between rumen pH (P<0.05). The NH3 concentration was low in cassava treatment, while total VFA did not have a significant effect. Corn treatment produced a higher iso-butyrate and iso-valerate than cassava treatment (P<0.05). The rumen microbes, MPS, IVDMD, and IVDMD, did not differ among the treatments. Cassava could replace corn as an NFC source for tropical dairy ration along with providing RDP in balance ratio and sulfur supplementation. پرونده مقاله

High-lactating dairy goats require a substantial amount of protein. Protected protein supplements could provide a significant quantity of rumen undegradable protein (RUP), ensuring an adequate protein supply for high-lactating dairy goats. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of protected protein supplements on the productivity of Etawah crossbred dairy goats. The study involved 16 Etawah crossbred lactating goats with an average milk production of 0.94 ± 0.38 L head-1 day-1 and an average body weight of 46.80 ± 7.50 kg. A randomized block design of four treatments and four replications was used. The treatment ration were: R0= a ration with 0% protected protein supplement content as control, R1= R0 + 5% protected pro-tein supplement, R2= R0 + 10% protected protein supplement, and R3= R0 + 15% protected protein sup-plement. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and continued to the Duncan test. The results showed that the R1, R2, and R3 treatments significantly (P<0.05) influenced the increase in feed intake, milk production, milk component production, milk urea nitrogen, and blood urea nitrogen. However, no significant effect was observed on milk quality, milk density, blood hematology, blood glucose, triglycerides, or economic factors. It can be concluded that adding a 5% protected protein supplement improved the performance of Etawah crossbred dairy goats without compromising milk quality and animal health. پرونده مقاله