Technology transfer helps create innovation and manufacture new products in developing countries, and the identification of major success factors in technology transfer could help obtain competitive advantages. The present study mainly aims to develop the main success factors in technology transfer in the oil industry of Iran. This study is applied research and adopts a descriptive-correlational methodology. The statistical population consisted of 149 oil industry experts at National Iranian Oil Company and its subsidiary companies. The sample size was found to be 107 based on Cochran’s formula, and the respondents were selected through random sampling to respond to the validated questionnaires. The main success factors in technology transfer in the oil industry were identified and confirmed by reviewing the literature and implementing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. A total of eleven factors were identified, including technology owner characteristics, strategic factors, technology characteristics, political factors, economic factors, management factors, sociocultural factors, human resources, legal factors, infrastructures, and environmental factors, of which technology owner characteristics, strategic factors, technology characteristics, management factors, sociocultural factors, human resources, and environmental factors were the main technology transfer success factors in the oil industry. پرونده مقاله