This work systematically addresses the chemical composition, use, production and consumption of walnuts. The protein amino acid composition, fatty acid composition and vitamin contents of walnut kernel was analyzed. It was shown that walnut oils may be used to treat inflammatory processes and ulcers of the stomach and intestines and its therapeutic effect is associated with the presence of linoleic acid. The kernel cake remaining after the extraction of the oil contains a great deal of protein with high levels of essential amino acids. A delicious, useful and nutritious halva can be prepared from kernel cake. The kernel can also be used in the confectionery industry for the production of fillings for sweets, cakes, and chocolate. The review also describes the dynamics of walnut production, in the USA, Ukraine, Turkey, Iran, China, India, Brazil, Chile and the countries of the European Union as the largest producers. It also discusses that in Uzbekistan, walnuts were historically collected on farm plots as natural walnut forests, small plantations and household plots, but now there is an increased interest in improving walnut crops using the achievements of science and technology, as well as agrotechnical methods of cultivation. Using the work of scientists at the Uzbek Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Wine making the volume of production of this valuable product will increase in near future. پرونده مقاله

This article reviews the present condition and future possibilities of walnut growing in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It is stated that the recent decrees and resolutions of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government have led to the expansion of the area dedicated to fruit crops, particularly walnuts. The establishment of the "Association of Producers and Exporters of Walnuts" has enabled the creation of modern plantations in Uzbekistan consisting of high-yielding walnut varieties that are well-suited to the local natural and climatic conditions. The association also aims to promote the adoption of science-based methods and resource-saving technologies for walnut growing. Furthermore, it aims to increase walnut production in different regions of the Republic, conduct market research to expand the sales market, develop strategies to boost walnut exports and carry out research to implement innovative technologies in walnut production processes. Since one of the products of walnuts in Uzbekistan is walnut jam, the paper also presents the results of experimental studies on the chemical composition of jam made from unripe walnuts. The studies show that the primary macronutrients in unripe walnut jam are sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and iron. Additionally, it contains trace elements such as iodine, zinc, cadmium, nickel, and cobalt. Due to the diverse macro- and micro-elemental composition of unripe walnut jam, this product can be used as both a food item and a preventive material against various diseases, particularly iodine deficiency in the human body. پرونده مقاله