One of the main degradation effects of optical fibres with dense channel width and poor chromatic dispersion on the fiber is four-wave mixing (FWM). Cross talk produced by four-wave mixing in optical fibers limits the efficiency of long-distance wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) optical communication systems, which can be regulated for non-linearity purposes in optical telecommunication, particularly when channel wavelengths are set near the zero-dispersion wavelength of optical fibers. As a result, a small fiber segment with a high nonlinearity can be used to support the FWM. Using the four-wave mixing method, the experimental set-up of a compact fiber ring laser based on different lengths of nonlinear Bismuth-Erbium doped fiber (Bi-EDF, 181 and 215 cm) is used in this paper. Via the degenerate four-wave mixing effect, these two gain nonlinear media have been successfully used to stabilize a dual-wavelength fiber laser with and without nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (PCF) at room temperature for  and n2 estimation of nonlinear parameters and FWM performance of optical fiber. Experiments show that using a high non-linear bismuth-erbium doped fiber (Bi-EDF) in implementing an FWM program for non-linear PCF parameters has specific and unique benefits. Furthermore, the FWM effect can be used for signal amplification, wavelength transfer, phase conjugation, and high-speed optical switching. The proposed configuration's special function is explained by the Bi-EDF and PCF fiber's coupled relationship in FWM scattering. پرونده مقاله

Raman amplification of a 49 cm Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) as a nonlinear gain
medium based erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is reported in new and compact
design in near infrared spectral regions. The bismuth glass host provides the
opportunity to be doped heavily with erbium ions to allow a compact optical gain fiber
amplifier design by using reduced fiber length and the 1480 nm low pump power
around 150 mW. A extended Raman amplification bandwidth of 45 nm, from 1520-
1565 nm (C-band window) wavelengths is empirically proposed in a backward and
dualwavelength pumped Bi-EDF by employing 350 mW Raman pump in 1440 nm.
Because of the short length gain medium as a nonlinear Bi-EDF, amplification of 3 dB
is achieved over a C-band wavelength range. This simple C-band Raman amplifier
based Brillouin and ASE backscattering was constructed to test the forward, backward
and dual-wavelength pump laser and on-off gain. A peak gain of 1.53 dB was obtained
with a 3-dB bandwidth of 45 nm that the varieties of gain is 2.02 dB around 1545 nm in
backward pumping design. It array will be employ for sensing, spectroscopy and
telecommunication systems. پرونده مقاله