Determination of lead and cadmium contaminations in UF-Cheese and yoghurt produced in Esfahan and GolpayeganPegah Dairy Processing Establishments

Subject Areas : Food Science and Technology

الهه Jaberi ¹ (M.Sc Graduate of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.)
امیر Shakerian ² (-Associate Professor, Department of Food Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran)
ابراهیم Rahimi ³ (-Associate Professor, Department of Food Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran)

Received: 2013-02-04 Accepted : 2013-11-03 Published : 2013-11-22

Keywords: Cadmium, Lead, UF cheese, Yoghurt,

Abstract :

   Milk is a complicated liquid that contains necessary components for the growth of mammalian neonate. Milk can get polluted by heavy metals such as lead and cadmium. In this study, the concentrations of lead and cadmium were measured in 12 yoghurt and 12 UF cheese samples produced in each of the Isfahan and Golpayegan-Pegah Dairy Processing Establishments. The samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry by furnace according to AOAC instruction. According to the results, lead concentrations (Mean ± SD) in yoghurt and UF cheese samples produced in Isfahan and Golpayegan-Pegah were estimated at 54.96 ± 35.21, 61.65 ± 19.62, 105.38 ± 59.09, 141.94 ± 63.44 μg/Kg, respectively. In the case of cadmium, the concentrations were determined as 19.03 ± 1.23, 16.84 ± 8.08, 53.79 ± 19.29, 37.67 ± 22.58 μg/Kg, respectively. Results revealed a significant difference (P≥0.05) in lead and cadmium concentrations among the cheese samples of the two Dairy Processing Establishments. However, lead and cadmium concentrations in all samples were within the international approved limit (200 ppb). 

References:

• · شاکریان، امیر و کریم، گیتی (1383). بررسی میزان آلودگی شیر و برخی از فرآورده‌های لبنی به سرب و کادمیوم و تأثیر جداسازی چربی بر آنها با استفاده از روش اسپکترومتری جذب اتمی با کوره. مجله علوم دامپزشکی ایران، سال اول، شماره دوم، صفحات: 36-29.


• · صادقی‌زاده، جلال؛ عزیزی، محمدحسین؛ دادفرنیا، شایسته و حسینی، سیدمحمد (1386). ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان وﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﭘﻨﻴﺮﻫﺎی ﺳﻔﻴﺪ آب ﻧﻤﻜﻲ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻳﺰد ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از ﻓﻠﺰات. فصلنامه ﻋﻠﻮم و ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ اﻳﺮان، دوره4، شماره1، صفحات: 7-1.

 

• Abdulkhaliq, A., Swaileh, K.M., Hussein, R.M. and Matani, M. (2012). Levels of metals (Cd, Pb, Cu and Fe) in cow’s milk, dairy products and hen’s eggs from the West Bank, Palestine. International Food Research Journal, 19(3): 1089-1094.


• Ayar, A., Sert, D. and Akın, N. (2009). The trace metal levels in milk and dairy products consumed in middle Anatolia-Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 152(1-4): 1- 12.


• Cui, Y.J., Zhu, Y.G., Zhai, R.H., Huang, Y.Z., Qiu, Y. and Liang, J.Z. (2005). Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China. Environment International, 31(6): 784–790.


• Enb, A., Abou Donia, M.A., Abd-Rabou, N.S., Abou-Arab, A.A.K. and Senaity, M.H.E.I. (2009). Chemical composition of raw milk and heavy metals behavior during processing of milk products. Global Veterinaria, 3 (3): 268-275.


• EFSA (European Food Safety Authority). (2010). Scientific opinion of the on contaminants in the food chain on a reqest from the Europen panel commission on cadmium in food. The European Food Safety Authority Journal, 1570(8-4): 1-139.


• Gala-Gorchev, H. (1991). Dietary intake of pesticide residues Cadmium, Mercury and lead. Food Additives and Contaminants, 8(6): 793-806.


• Gogoasa, I., Gergen, I., Rada, M., Parvu1, D., Ciobanu, C. and Bordean, D. (2006). AAS detection of heavy metal in sheep cheese (the Banat area, Romania), Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture, 62: 240-245.


• Groten, J.P. and Bladeren, P.J.V. (1994). Cadmium bioavailability and health risk in food. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 5(2): 50-55.            


• Long, G.L. and Wineforder, J.D. (1983). Limit of Detection: A Closer Look at the IUPAC Analytical Chemistry, 55(7): 712 – 724.


• Magda, M.A., Madeha, N.A.S., Safaa, Y.Q. and Nagwa, M.E.S. (2010). Mineral content and microbiological examination of some white cheese in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia during summer 2008. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48(11): 3031-3034.


• Starska, k., Wojciechowska-Mazurek, M., Mania, M., Brulinska-Ostrowska, E., Biernat, U. and Karlowski, K. (2011). Noxious elements in milk and milk products in Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 20(4): 1043-1051.


• Yuzbasi, N. Sezgin, E., Yildrim, M. and Yildrim, Z. (2003). Survey of lead, cadmium, Iron, copper and Zinc In kasar cheese. Food Additives and Contaminants, 20(5): 464-469.